appalachian cave system map

Wear old clothes which may become dirty and wet, long sleeves and long pants, and bring an extra set of clothes to change into after the tour. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. New York, In photos: Stunning stalagmite structures discovered in French cave. Under certain conditions (such as when the forest cover, which serves as a biotic buffer, has been destroyed) destructive floods and debris flows characterize much of the hydrologic history of this part of the Appalachians. Spelunking the Highlands | Owning the Caves, The Ebb and Flow of Appalachias Game Species, Northern Long-Eared Bats Added to Endangered Species List, Native Plant Rescue Squad Aims to Boost the Biodiversity of Tennessee Neighborhoods, New Clinch River State Park Showcases Biodiversity, Preventing Gold & Metals Mining in Virginia. Rattlesnakes are said to take refuge in the cave during the winter. Many of the . The biggest constraint [physically] is you cant use your eyes. Even without beef jerky scraps from boy scouts, caves are dependent on the outside world for food. But Sloan, our knowledgeable and bearded guide, told us the cave dates back to more than 550 million years, when the Appalachian Mountains stood taller than Mt. Aragonite occurs in other Appalachian caves and in other Helderberg Limestone caves but seldom in such profusion as the deposits in the Chestnut Ridge System. Nearly 900 caves and caverns are known to exist in North Carolina, although only a small number are accessible to the public. Much of this rainfall comes in extremely heavy downpours during short periods. Then, during a 14-hour survey in September 1972, CRF cavers discovered a connection between the Mammoth Cave system and the Flint Ridge system, bringing Mammoth Cave's total known distance to 144 miles (232 km). To contain these floods and harness the might of an entire river system for purposes of navigation, power production, land reclamation, and watershed development, the Tennessee Valley Authority was established in 1933, and it quickly became one of the chief factors influencing the ecology of the Southern Appalachian region. Terrifying sea monster 'hafgufa' described in medieval Norse manuscripts is actually a whale, The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with checkout code 'LOVE5', Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. Worleys Cave, for example, saw its three-year mark last year when over 80 percent of the bats died. This is twice as longest as thesecond-longest cave system, Sac Actun underwater cave located in Mexico. The high concentration of black bears and beautiful overlooks make it a popular and more touristy section (Shenandoah National Park) of the Trail. Map of U.S. Compare that to three years for a surface crayfish. Also the top map has data from the second map overlayed in black (you can find the original tweet with a bit of Googling). Even today, many northern plant species are found in the higher elevations of the Great Smoky Mountains, where the cooler temperatures and relative isolation provide them refuge. Our Tax ID number: 526046689. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. By Matt Grimley. Cave Trekking tours are offered into the undeveloped parts of the cave. Cincinnati: Doolittle & Munson. During the Civil War, the caverns served as a refuge for deserters from both Union and Confederate armies. Appalachian Mountains. Like this content? RidgeGraham | April 8, 2019 | No Comments, The southern cavefish has lost its pigment and eyes as a result of adapting to life underground. Linville Caverns opened as a tourist attraction on 1 July 1939. Edit: For those asking about the first map, it's specifically "mysterious" cases of people who went missing around national parks. L=1,600 m. D=75 min, St=53. This area includes the Alleghenies of West Virginia and Virginia; the Blue Ridge range, extending across Virginia and western North Carolina, the northwestern tip of South Carolina, and the northeastern corner of Georgia; the Unaka Mountains in southwestern Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina (of which the Great Smoky Mountains are a part); and the Cumberland Mountains of eastern Kentucky, southwestern West Virginia, southwestern Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and northern Alabama. Penn's Cave is a cave system of limestone formation located in central Pennsylvania's Appalachian mountains. During Civil War this cave, like many others, was used by the army. The two types of rock that characterize the present Appalachian ranges tell much of the story of the mountains long existence. Another well-known site is Boone's Cave, which overlooks the Yadkin River in 110-acre Boone's Cave State Park in Davidson County. State Historian of Tennessee. The chief caverns lie within or border the Great Valley region of Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, and Tennessee. The cave was renamed Appalachian Cavern to avoid confusion with You can explore all these regions respectively with this map and relate it to the world's geography. Aragonite spelethems are also found in the Butler Cave-Sinking Creek System but the deposits are much less extensive than those found . More than 400 Miles of Cave Passages. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) entries for caves are in the database but cannot be retrieved on the public website. Thankfully, they'll all miss. October 1, 2017. The hundreds of species that call Appalachias caves home have overcome these challenges through a host of bewildering adaptations. Diabetes researchers have focused on the Mexican blind cavefish, a relative of the southern cavefish, with hopes of finding a new strategy to help humans with the disease. More than three million people hike segments of the . Author of. If it proves successful in fighting the disease, the lessons learned could be applied to other manmade structures such as mines where bats hibernate. Many of the major rivers are older than the mountains. Worleys Cave a seven-mile tract near Bluff City, Tenn. is named for Elias S. The world's longest known cave system just set a new record after surveyors spent hours mapping an additional 8 miles (13 kilometers) of the passageways at Mammoth Cave National Park in Kentucky. Our CFC number: 12230. Beneath Their Feet: A Novel about Mammoth Cave and Its People. Over 30 miles long and beautiful, this trail weaves through forest, farms, and fields. C. E. G * . This biological mystery intensifies in the Appalachians, where the unique karst geology limits the travel of species between caves. The cave's entrance is 2 to 3 feet high; the cave itself is about 80 feet long and varies in height from 4.5 feet near the entrance to less than 1 foot near its farthest point. Duplication, distribution & use of any of any TCS information & data is by written permission only. (Image credit: NPS) The world's longest known cave system just set a new record after surveyors spent . talladega high school basketball. Situated on Pigeon Mountain in the Appalachian Plateau of rural Georgia, Ellison's is a top destination for expert cavers and spelunkers from around the world, ready to test their skills on one of the many vertical drops that exist in the cave. It has three huge chambers of more than 400m of length and 40m of height. Believed to weigh in at 500 pounds and stand taller than seven feet in height, the wolf man is bipedal and has fur similar to a bear or a gorilla.It is believed to live in caves and has been seen around the area since the 1970s. The site is also known as Morrills Cave, for the man who first explored and mapped its innards. area in yellow indicates sinkholes, beneath which may lie an undiscovered cave system. In northern Virginia, this cavern continues to grow by an inch every century or so. The Appalachian Mountains provide an ideal setting for . Known for their heavily forested terrain and rugged hiking trails, the Appalachian Mountains, also known as the Appalachians, are a system of mountain ranges that stretches some 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from the central part of the US state of Alabama to the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada. Your email address will not be published. Since then, its been found in 19 states, and Holliday, also a regional expert on white-nose syndrome, says that the fungus is just starting to hit its critical phase in the southern Appalachians. Southern Appalachian waterfalls generally were formed by the action of water on alternating layers of soft and hard rock. The northern Appalachians were also affected by glacial forces. During the Carboniferous Period (358.9 to 298.9 million years ago), this long process included the formation of some of the richest coal beds in the world. Fund Efficiency . . So in 2018, I wanted to empower more young women to embark on . Ellison's Cave is one of the deepest caves in the United States. Mammoth Cave is a limestone labyrinth with more than400 miles (640km) of surveyed passageways. (Here's a list of the other natural World Heritage Sites in the U.S.). Maps also help us conceptualize the relationship between the surface above and the caves below . This page was last edited on 23 June 2022, at 03:33. Certain areas of the Blue Ridge receive an annual rainfall of about 70 inches (1,775 mm) during an average year. Legend tells it was an old Indian, others say it was the brother who returned after a few years to find a proper burial spot. NSS ACC MOU . Thus, the ancient crystallines were lifted in places above the more recent sedimentary rock deposits. But in 2003, because of the divorce of the Stones, the cave was closed and finally sold. One multi-partner project in Kentucky is working with a slow-release anti-fungal inoculation to cure the plague. Elevations below 2,000 feet usually have milder weather in the hills of northwestern Georgia and northeastern and north-central Alabama. The Appalachian Trail (also called the A.T.), is a hiking trail in the Eastern United States, extending almost 2,200 miles (3,540 km) between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine, and passing through 14 states. This is the "south entrance" to the Friars Hole System). Fund Progress . Cumberland Mountain is part of a huge, four-sided block of the earth's crust forced upward in ancient times. . With these physical and lifecycle changes, many cave species are unable to live on the surface or move from cave to cave. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The guided day's adventure includes a 20-minute drive, a half-mile uphill hike and . Fascinating Cave Creatures of Appalachia. Nearly 900 caves and caverns are known to exist in North Carolina, although only a small number are accessible to the public. The TCS does not give out Tennessee cave locations. These include such mountains as, in the northern area, the Shickshocks (French: Chic-Chocs) and the Notre Dame ranges in Quebec; the Long Range on the island of Newfoundland; the great monadnock (isolated hill of bedrock) of Mount Katahdin in Maine; the White Mountains of New Hampshire; and Vermonts Green Mountains, which become the Berkshire Hills in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and eastern New York. The complete system map reduced to stick map size . Pinnacle Overlook in Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, North Carolina. Meet the Voice team | Archives | Subscribe, The Appalachian Voice is a publication of Appalachian Voices Cumberland Mountain [Fig. Often referred to as the "Appalachians", the Appalachian Mountains are a series of mountain ranges that stretches from the eastern to the northeastern part of the continent of North America.Forming the eastern complement of the Rocky Mountains, the Appalachian Mountains extend for about 2,400km from the Central Alabama region in the United States to the Canadian . For years, Matthew Niemiller, a professor at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, has been studying organisms that are only found in caves. And says Cory Holliday, Even without white-nose syndrome, we should always be cleaning our gear. Studies show that biodiversity, especially with microbial organisms, decreases considerably with human activity, so be sure to wash your clothes for caving trips. Its system of dams turned a river that rampaged and often destroyed into a river that flows gently and productively. To fight the invading disease, the bats immune system goes into overdrive, destroying the illness but also the fat reserves and tissue that the bats need to live through the winter. . Petroleum was discovered in the Appalachian Mountains at one point which led to. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). Book EARLY! Once the scouts choked down their beef jerky, we hiked back to the entrance, noting the curious hanging speleothems (cave formations) called mineral curtains on the way. The Virginia Creeper Trail is rich in beauty and regional history. Image courtesy of Flickr user Demonicuss. Edmund Lee, Notes on the Mammoth Cave, To Accompany A Map (1835). Hired by the owners, Charles Wilkins and Hyman Gratz, of the cave to survey it, he spent three months walking daily through the cave system. It was home to many wild animals, used by local people as a home, celebrated by the Native Americans as a place to hold special meetings, a weekend hangout for local kids, and had many other varied uses down through the years. Whether its the eyeless and long-limbed Appalachian cave harvestman arachnid or the ghostly Tennessee cave salamander, these creatures have demonstrated an ability to thrive under circumstances that most life forms would find impossible. Pollutants can enter underground waterways through surface water or through human disturbances such as pipeline construction near porous karst rock formations. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). "Many of the cave trips are long and arduous, involving climbing, vertical exposure, squeezes, crawlways, water and mud," Karen Willmes, the eastern operations manager with CRF, said in an NPS statement released on Sept. 11. Used by permission of the publisher. Generally temperate and humid, the climate of the Appalachians presents sharp contrasts. Back in the 1920s, Secretary of the Interior Hubert Work created the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission in 1925 to survey proposed park sites, including the caves. Kentucky Cave . Since this region does not have the natural storehouses of numerous lakes and glacial deposits of sand and gravel spread over hills and valleys, such as are found in the northern Appalachian region, sudden rainfalls bring rapid rises in the southern Appalachian stream flows. "Caves (in the mountains) are developed in folded rock," says Bill Balfour, geologist. The Appalachians are among the oldest mountains on Earth, born of powerful upheavals within the terrestrial crust and sculpted by the ceaseless action of water upon the surface. A park ranger talks with Mammoth Cave visitors in Broadway, one of the cave's canyon passages. Samson/Obrist Woods is one-of-a-kind, in the sense that it is the only preserve in the Arc's system created entirely by donation from benevolent landowners. Management Plan . Caves in Alabama are found in three main regions: the Valley and Ridge section, which is part of both the TAG area and the southern reaches of the Appalachian mountain system; the Tennessee River Valley region, where the Tennessee River and its streams erode the carbonate rocks and create caves; and the Coastal Plain section, where people have . Source: US Geological Survey (USGS), Pearisburg 7.5x7.5 topographic quadrangle (2013) Nearly all caves show signs of rockfalls from ceilings, and a cave room may grow so large that it collapses. Ancient legends tell a mysterious cave system consisting of a series of man-made underground chambers hollowed out of sandstone, with carved archways, pillars, symbols, and niches was used by the Knights Templar. Fred Beyer, North Carolina, the Years before Man: A Geologic History (1991). For more information, please see our The cave, as a trek, was straightforward. The half-day ice cave adventure takes approximately 3 to 4 hours depending on group size. Please submit permission requests for other use directly to the publisher. Recent studies suggest that many of these ancient debris flows were initiated by hurricanes and their heavy rainfall. The cave system continues to be surveyed, leading to new discoveries and additions to the total length. Clearcutting forests on the surface can ruin the caves clean water and main food sources. Over time, reposters stopped mentioning this. New caves are receiving the disease every day, including Mammoth Cave in Kentucky in January. The Region's 26.1 million residents live in parts of Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee . We're sure you'll love it! Mother Nature does not excavate rooms according to the same . Photo by Matthew Niemiller. Appalachian Caverns is home to seven species of bats, including the endangered grey bat, which use it as a nursery cave during the spring and summer. According to Niemiller, southern cavefish have curiously avoided developing metabolism disorders that should arise from the lack of nutrients they receive. During the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago), continental ice sheets flowed down over North America, covering New England but reaching no nearer the southern Appalachians than the Ohio River valley. 1. Subscribe to The Voice email digests, Your email address will not be published. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy is a 501(c)(3) organization. . All of the TCS information & data are proprietary including any TCS information contained on this web site. Tours are very popular and fill up fast! Visitors stroll through Broadway, or Main Cave, inside Mammoth Cave massive tunnels. Tiles are 20x20 pixels. Extending for almost 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador to central Alabama in the United States, the Appalachian Mountains form a natural barrier between the eastern Coastal Plain and the vast Interior Lowlands of North America. It is used for hiking, mountain biking, and horseback riding. Detritus from decaying leaves and other organic material is washed in, and guano from cave crickets and bats is plopped down. Comprised of igneous and metamorphic rocks, Bat Cave in Henderson County is the largest tectonic cave in the state. Appalachian Caverns & Campground, Blountville: See 8 traveler reviews, 5 candid photos, and great deals for Appalachian Caverns & Campground, ranked #2 of 3 specialty lodging in Blountville and rated 5 of 5 at Tripadvisor. According to Zigler, while crayfish found in surface waters typically live for two to three years, studies indicate that subterranean crayfish can live for several decades. Appalachian Caverns Foundation, 420 Cave Hill Road, Blountville, TN 37617-6224, Tel: +1-423-323-2337, Fax: +1-423-279-0992. This article is from the Encyclopedia of North Carolina edited by William S. Powell. suffolk county pistol permit wait time 2020. ebbo para sacar a alguien de la casa; 16824 sw 137th ave, miami, fl 33177; american furniture track order. horse hind leg tendon sheath. It took 21 hours to evacuate the caver, including hauling up Fantastic Pit. Later, after the arrival of the white man, the cave was used by trappers, one of them found his last rest inside the cave. Between about 1.1 billion and 541 . The Confederates built a hospital inside. The Central and Southern Appalachian region is known for its biodiversity with some of the highest numbers of salamanders, plants and fungi anywhere in the temperate world. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The geography of the Appalachian mountains holds three equal aspects and this map elaborates all those aspects for the learners. This map shows postsecondary schools such as colleges, universities, community colleges, and technical colleges that are located in the 423-county Appalachian Region. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Conservation. It entered the record books in 1969, with a total of 65 miles (105 km) of documented passageways. Map Size. L. T * R. Karst topography occurs when water from rain and rivers from the ground's surface seep underground through cracks, fractures and holes and then travel far underground, slowly dissolving and shaping the soft underground bedrock into caves and other geologic features, according to a blog post by the U.S. Department of the Interior and the NPS. what challenges do advertisers face with product placement? Nearby and parallel to Fantastic are Smokey I (500 feet), Smokey II (262 feet), and other deep pitches. The cave is over 12 miles long and extends 1063 feet vertically.[1]. https://www.britannica.com/place/Appalachian-Mountains, Ohio History Central - Appalachian Mountains, Appalachian Mountains - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Appalachian Mountains - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Shenandoah National Park, northern Virginia. Sloan didnt expect it, but our boy scouts sat down and had lunch, something people dont (read: shouldnt) usually do in caves and their fragile ecosystems. Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Your email address will not be published. Mammoth Cave in central Kentucky is the longest cave system in the world. They require less nutrients and they can live longer without being fed at all.. Dissolved layers of limestone, such as those near this stream in Worley's Cave, pervade Appalachia. In addition to these physical changes, cave species also adapt their lifestyle to the infrequent and sparse availability of food. (1835)Map of the Mammoth Cave: Accompanied with notes. As a result, they have played a vital role in the settlement and development of the entire continent. Thats how many boy scouts you shouldnt have on a caving trip. Linville Cavern, 2012. Adjunct Professor of English, University of Tennessee, Knoxville. We reached the apex of our journey near the foot of the Devils Staircase, in the enormous Big Room. The Mammoth Cave system is an enormous labyrinth that formed through limestone erosion, a phenomenon scientifically known as karst topography, which is also seen in other soluble rocks, such as marble and gypsum. The highest elevations in the Appalachians are in the northern division, with Maines Mount Katahdin (5,268 feet [1,606 metres]), New Hampshires Mount Washington (6,288 feet), and other pinnacles in the White Mountains rising above 5,000 feet (1,525 metres), and in the southern region, where peaks of the North Carolina Black Mountains and the TennesseeNorth Carolina Great Smoky Mountains rise above 6,000 feet (1,825 metres) and the entire system reaches its highest summit, on Mount Mitchell (6,684 feet [2,037 metres]). Small bats cling to the cavern walls. "After the trip, cartographers turn the data collected on the cave trip into a map. Photos by M Gratsch . Waterfalls are common throughout much of the Appalachian system. Genevieve . Visitors to Mammoth Cave National Park can go on lighted tours for some of the caves, notably Grand Avenue, Frozen Niagara, and Fat Mans Misery. The Appalachians are among the oldest mountains on Earth, born of powerful upheavals within the terrestrial crust and sculpted by the ceaseless action of water upon the surface. Helmets and lights are provided but you can bring your own if you want. This map shows the location of parks, mines, and falls called caves, caverns, grottos, or cueva. Cave surveying is at the very core of the MSS. One is part of the tour, the other two are reserved for the bats. We wandered over to the edge of the dams, where an enormous lake stretched into the darkness and a grooved ceiling arched a hundred feet overhead. I've got a bug out location in the Appalachian mountains, and spend a lot of time there. Caves being fairly random things a random cave map generator seems like a logical choice. The farm-dominated Piedmont Plateau is the light-toned area between the mountains and the bay. Regular Walk Tour: Mammoth Cave is a limestone labyrinth with more than 400 miles of it explored, and the park estimates a potential for another 600 miles in its system. Sloan kneeled beside one pool and pointed at a half-inch black salamander. The work of this foundation was dedicated to the cleaning and protecting of local caves. Unique in climatic severity is barren, boulder-strewn Mount Washington, which is lashed by some of the worlds strongest winds (a gust of 231 miles per hour was recorded there in 1934); temperatures recorded on its summit have never risen above 71 F (22 C). In 1977 state police released this artist's rendering of a man who was found deceased in a cave in Berks County. Shows location of all park roads, visitor centers, picnic areas, and campgrounds. The longest known cave is the Mammoth Cave-Flint Ridge system in south central Kentucky, which has a surveyed length of more than 345 miles (555 km). Meanwhile, the longest underwater cave system in the world sits in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo on the Yucatn Peninsula. 6] The name comes from England's duke of Cumberland. The following maps are available for downloading: Park Map. The present study focuses on the Grayson-Gunnar Cave (GGC), an 11-km-long mature, epigenic cave system primarily developed in the Mississippian-age carbonates of the St. Louis and Ste. It includes the St. Lawrence River valley in Canada and the Kittatinny, Cumberland, Shenandoah, and Tennessee valleys in the United States; the latter is the site of the world-famous Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), a government agency for natural resource conservation, power production, and regional development. NASA warns of 3 skyscraper-sized asteroids headed toward Earth this week. Copyright 2006 by the University of North Carolina Press. Available from https://www.flickr.com/photos/demonicuss/7019205877/ (accessed July 10, 2012). The story of the Bell Witch is one of the most popular examples of Appalachian Mountain folklore, and it began in Robertson County, Tennessee. Caverns of the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia provide well-known and dramatic examples of underground passages, rooms, watercourses, formations, and other cave features that honeycomb much of the land below central and southern Appalachia. Rain and rivers gently dissolve and mold soft limestone during this process, resulting in a massive cave network. Ellison's features a number of underground vertical pitches including the two deepest pits in the contiguous United States: Fantastic (586 feet) and Incredible (440 feet). Half-Day Ice Cave. First there are the most ancient crystalline rocks. Holliday also says, Minimize any exposure to bats in caves. In 1991, it was opened to the public as a show cave for the first time in its long and varied history. As parts of the Earth buckled into folds, cracked, and faulted, other parts were upliftedsometimes in the parallel ridges distinctive of the Appalachiansand thrust faults served to move one rock mass atop another. One has to look hard to find them, but theyre there. The owners founded the Appalachian Caverns Foundation which managed the cave. The Appalachian Trail (A.T.) interactive map, built cooperatively by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC) and National Park Service using ESRI's Arc GIS Online mapping technology. These ancient rocks antedated most plant or animal life; in addition, the intense pressure and heat destroyed any traces of primitive lifeso that the Precambrian crystallines contain no trace of fossils. iUniverse. Luray Caverns. Called "karst," this geologic formation starts horizontally in the flatlands, and goes in all directions when it hits the mountains. During the Permian Period (298.9 to 252.2 million years ago), a great mountain folding occurred. E-mail: As far as we know this information was accurate when it was published (see years in brackets), but may have changed since then. Address: Appalachian Caverns Foundation, 420 Cave Hill Road, Blountville, TN 37617-6224, Tel: +1-423-323-2337, Fax: +1-423-279-0992. Endemism provides challenges for researchers who want to learn more about the biology and biodiversity of cave species, which in turn leads to difficulties in understanding how to protect them. This fracturing along with the proliferation of gypsum and limestone contributes to the exceptional depth of Ellison's. This is an extreme example of endemism, the ecological state where a species is unique to a defined geographic location. According to local legend, an old man lived in the caverns, making and mending shoes for the soldiers. countdown to spring training 2022; Hola mundo! Lees map was the first accurate map of Mammoth Cave. In some areas, like Red Top Mountain in northern Georgia or Blowing Rock in northern North . At risk is the largely unmapped biodiversity of the regions caves. Legendary frontiersman Daniel Boone is said to have hidden from Indians in the cave, which was also known as "Devil's Den.".

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