karate run specific feature file

You can easily do this via karate.set('someVarName', value). # using a static method - observe how java interop is truly seamless ! entityState: "ACTIVE" Cuda Memory CheckPerhaps the easiest way to check a file Run cat /usr countryName: '#string', For this, Cucumber has already provided a way to organize your scenario execution by using tags in feature file. isValidTime(_)' And this example may make it clear why using Karate itself to drive even your UI-tests may be a good idea. If you are new to programming or test-automation, refer to the options for IDE support and the official IntelliJ plugin is recommended. How to execute Cucumber Tests in Groups using Cucumber Tags - TOOLSQA XML and XPath works just like youd expect. This is especially useful when you want to maintain passwords, secrets or even URL-s specific for your local dev environment. Run Karate Test. You can use print to log variables to the console in the middle of a script. This is best explained in this example that involves listening to an ActiveMQ / JMS queue. { Naturally, only one value can be returned. It may be easier for you to use the Karate Maven archetype to create a skeleton project with one command. If the second HTTP call above expects headers to be set by my-headers.js - which in turn depends on the authToken variable being updated, you will need to duplicate the line * configure headers = read('classpath:my-headers.js') from the caller feature here as well. But there are cases where you need to take custom actions like saving a response to a file, file reading or writing, etc. In the example below, note the use of the karate.get() helper for getting the value of a dynamic variable (which was not set at the time this JS function was declared). In this chapter, we will discuss memory coalescing. The most common use-case would be to partition your tests into smoke, regression and the like - which enables being able to selectively execute a sub-set of tests. { subType: { name: 'Smith', deleted: false } What this means is that you are free to use whatever makes sense for you. Native data types mean that you can insert them into a script without having to worry about enclosing them in strings and then having to escape double-quotes all over the place. You would typically use these to simulate a user sign-in and then grab a security token from the response. var nums = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]; bottom: 893, The solution is to ensure that when Karate tests run, the JVM file.encoding is set to UTF-8. The tests eecutes fine if i use maven command or run from runner file( .java). """, * configure imageComparison = { onShowConfig, # don't embed the image comparison UI when the latest image is the same / similar to the baseline (e.g. Here is a summary: Note that for the afterFeature hook to work, you should be using the Runner API and not the JUnit runner. Because Karate strips trailing slashes if part of a path parameter, if you want to append a forward-slash to the end of the URL in the final HTTP request - make sure that the last path is a single /. Though not really recommended, you can have multiple Scenario-s within a Feature tagged with @setup. The last boolean argument is whether the karate-config.js should be processed or not. Variables can be referred to within JSON, for example: So the rule is - if a string value within a JSON (or XML) object declaration is enclosed between #( and ) - it will be evaluated as a JavaScript expression. }, The following short-cut is also supported which will disable all logs: When you use a re-usable feature that has commonly used utilities, you may want to hide this completely from the HTML reports. Given the examples above, it has to be said that a best practice with Karate is to avoid JavaScript for loops as far as possible. You can use karate.callSingle() in karate-config.js like this: It can take a second JSON argument following the same rules as call. Some third-party report-server solutions integrate with Karate such as ReportPortal.io. A very useful behavior when you combine the optional marker with an embedded expression is as follows: if the embedded expression evaluates to null - the JSON key (or XML element or attribute) will be deleted from the payload (the equivalent of remove). """, # * match cat == { name: '#ignore', type: '#regex . This is super-useful for re-use and data-driven tests. feature file from your Java IDE, you just need the following empty test-class in the same package. var sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZ"); See the section on reading files - and also this example dynamic-csv.feature, which shows off the convenience of dynamic Scenario Outline-s. Karate provides its own DSL (Domain Specific Language), which uses a Gherkin-like language enabling one to write tests without programming knowledge, and write tests in .feature files. name: 'Billie', Note that the Content-Type header will be automatically set to: application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Use it sparingly, and only for string, number or simple payload comparisons. It is worth mentioning that to do the equivalent of the last line in Java, you would typically have to traverse 2 Java Objects, one of which is within a list, and you would have to check for nulls as well. If a handler function (returning a boolean) is provided - it will be used to complete the listen wait if true is returned. It is a great example of how to effectively use the unique combination of Cucumber and JsonPath that Karate provides. If you read from a file, the advantage is that multiple scripts can re-use the same data. And thats all there is to Karate configuration ! squares.push(foo(n)); } And there is no more worrying about Maven profiles and whether the right *.properties file has been copied to the proper place. Imperialism - Wikipedia You can call send() on the returned object to send a message. { "roomInformation": [{ "roomPrice": 679.79}], "totalPrice": 679.79 } This is a core feature and does not depend on JUnit, Maven or Gradle. How to run feature files in parallel-using Karate test automation It is worth pointing out that JSON is a first class citizen of the syntax such that you can express payload and expected data without having to use double-quotes and without having to enclose JSON field names in quotes. Karate is even able to ignore fields you choose - which is very useful when you want to handle server-side dynamically generated fields such as UUID-s, time-stamps, security-tokens and the like. 10 How to call custom Java code in karate API tests? Normally in dev mode, you will use your IDE to run a *.feature file directly or via the companion runner JUnit Java class. And as shown in the example below, having text in-line is useful especially when you use the Scenario Outline: and Examples: for data-driven tests involving Cucumber-style place-holder substitutions in strings. It short-cuts to the pre-defined variable responseHeaders and reduces some complexity - because strictly, HTTP headers are a multi-valued map or a map of lists - the Java-speak equivalent being Map>. This is like the opposite of set if you need to remove keys or data elements from JSON or XML instances. The section on Karate Expressions goes into the details. It is worth internalizing that during test-execution, it is upon the method keyword that the actual HTTP request is issued. Refer to the section on XPath Functions for examples of advanced XPath usage. To create a feature file, right click on the Project explorer, choose New >> File. It can also be argued that the # symbol is easy to spot when eyeballing your test scripts - which makes things more readable and clear. All JS native array operations can be used, such as someName.reverse(). Some characters such as the hyphen - are not permitted in lenient JSON keys (because they are interpreted by the JS engine as a minus sign). 'test1.feature', * def result = responseStatus == 404 ? Note that the mvn test command only runs test classes that follow the *Test.java naming convention by default. a password) into a test. Karate | Test Automation Made Simple. One way to define test-suites in Karate is to have a JUnit class at a level above (in terms of folder hierarchy) all the *.feature files in your project. Refer to this demo feature for an example: kitten-create.feature. When you have a large and complex project, you will end up with a few data files (e.g. } Valid options are, Function to be called when displaying image comparison rebase in Karate HTML reports (e.g. You simply do something like this: A common need is to send the same header(s) for every request, and configure headers (with JSON) is how you can set this up once for all subsequent requests. In some rare cases where you dont want to auto-convert JSON, XML, YAML or CSV, and just get the raw string content (without having to re-name the file to end with .txt) - you can use the karate.readAsString() API. Use a variable in the called feature instead, for e.g. Karate provides a far more simpler and more powerful way than JSON-schema to validate the structure of a given payload. Now, lets continue with the variables in Karate. } Here is an example of how to get the current date, and formatted the way you want: And the above will result in something like this being logged: [print] 2017/10/16. This turns out to be very useful in practice, and this particular match jsonArray contains '#(^partialObject)' form has no in-line equivalent (see the third-from-last row above). Mac: Cmd+R+1. Any valid XPath expression is allowed on the left-hand-side of a match statement. Format of the trustStore file. For an example, refer: upload-multiple-files.feature. Here is an example: testCompile 'com.intuit.karate:karate-junit5:1.3.1', systemProperty "karate.options", System.properties.getProperty("karate.options"), systemProperty "karate.env", System.properties.getProperty("karate.env"), "ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter", // don't waste time waiting for a connection or if servers don't respond within 5 seconds, # steps here are executed before each Scenario in this file, # variables defined here will be 'global' to all scenarios, # and will be re-initialized before every scenario, # assigning a number (you can use '*' instead of Given / When / Then). So an additional rule in the above flow of rules (before the first step) is as follows: Karate scripts are technically in Gherkin format - but all you need to grok as someone who needs to test web-services are the three sections: Feature, Background and Scenario. 1 How to run a specific feature file in Karate? """, """ If you dont pass a handler (or it is null), the first message is returned. Provides supports for the Data Driver Testing that is built in-house, hence no need to depend on external frameworks. A handler function is needed only if you have to ignore some incoming traffic and stop the wait when a certain payload arrives. Here is how you can pass data from one feature file another. More examples of Java interop and how to invoke custom code can be found in the section on Calling Java. And if you do this within a Background: section, it would apply to all Scenario: sections within the *.feature file. Git) to ignore karate-config-*.js if needed. Why did Ukraine abstain from the UNHRC vote on China? Step 3: Add steps to run a sample GET API request. By default, the value of karate.env when you access it within karate-config.js - would be null. #string Note that embedded expressions will be evaluated even when you read() from a JSON or XML file. You can optionally pass in variable values or over-ride config via a HashMap or leave the second-last argument as null. Since these are tests and not production Java code, you dont need to be bound by the com.mycompany.foo.bar convention and the un-necessary explosion of sub-folders that ensues. """, # in this case the solitary 'call' argument is of type string. Is there a way to run a single scenario defined into a feature? You can use karate.callSingle() directly in a *.feature file, but it logically fits better in the global bootstrap. We suggest that you have a folder hierarchy only one or two levels deep - where the folder names clearly identify which resource, entity or API is the web-service under test. When JavaScript executes in Karate, the built-in karate object provides some commonly used utility functions. It typically ends up being a one-liner that appears in the Background section at the start of your test-scripts. Or - if a call is made without an assignment, and if the function returns a map-like object, it will add each key-value pair returned as a new variable into the execution context. Ideally you should return only pure JSON data (or a primitive string, number etc.). Keep in mind that you should be able to comment-out a Scenario or skip some via tags without impacting any others. You can define the base URL in Karate with the keyword. This is a problem especially for expensive, time-consuming HTTP calls, and this has been an open issue for a long time. Copyright 2022 it-qa.com | All rights reserved. cucumber. For a call (or callonce) - payload / data structures (JSON, XML, Map-like or List-like) variables are passed by reference which means that steps within the called feature can update or mutate them, for e.g. Allowed keystore types are as described in the. For teams familiar with or currently using REST-assured, this detailed comparison of Karate vs REST-assured - can help you evaluate Karate. So we use the same Gherkin syntax - but the similarity ends there. Note that more builder methods are available from the Runner.Builder class such as reportDir() etc. The Maven tradition is to have non-Java source files in a separate src/test/resources folder structure - but we recommend that you keep them side-by-side with your *.java files. put a tag called, How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability. Runners. Getting Started With Karate Test Framework for API - Software That Matters Now, since this Karate Framework is using the Runner file, which also is needed in Cucumber to run the feature files, so most of the writing will follow the Cucumber standards. This is just to reduce confusion for users new to Karate who tend to do * def request = {} and expect the request body or similarly, the url to be set. For example if you have the JUnit class in the com.mycompany package, *.feature files in com.mycompany.foo and com.mycompany.bar will also be run. english Note that Content-Type had to be enclosed in quotes in the JSON above because the - (hyphen character) would cause problems otherwise. See this other example for more ideas: dsl.feature. Just ensure that this is configured before you use karate.callSingle(): By default Karate will use target (or build) as the cache folder, which you can over-ride by adding a dir key: This caching behavior will work only if the result of karate.callSingle() is a JSON-like object, and any JS functions or Java objects mixed in will be lost. But one pattern that you should be aware of is that JSON is actually a great data-structure for looking up data. Examples of defining and using JavaScript functions appear in earlier sections of this document. { You can over-ride it by using the header keyword before the method step. """, # use dynamic path expressions to mutate json, * def filename = zone == 'zone1' ? For completeness, the built-in tags are the following: There are two special tags that allow you to select or un-select a Scenario depending on the value of karate.env. This example uses contains and the #? But you can choose a single test to run like this: When your Java test runner is linked to multiple feature files, which will be the case when you use the recommended parallel runner, you can narrow down your scope to a single feature, scenario or directory via the command-line, useful in dev-mode. Karates approach is that all the step-definitions you need in order to work with HTTP, JSON and XML have been already implemented. Unlike other BDD frameworks like Cucumber, Specflow or JBehave, Karate has all the step definitions written for us so we dont have to worry about writing them. A JavaScript function or Karate expression at runtime has access to a utility object in a variable named: karate. For example, see the sayHelloFactory() method below: And now, to get a reference to that function you can do this: This can be convenient when using shared scope because you can just call sayHello('myname') where needed. But if you need to use values in the response headers - they will be in a variable named responseHeaders. Refer to karate.tags and karate.tagValues. { some.feature:42 so it will invoke only the Scenario or outline Example on line 42 - this is designed only for IDE-s and developer mode, use a tag for maintainability. Observe how you can match the result of a JsonPath expression with your expected data. Even Java interop and access to the karate JS API would work. If you get stuck and ask a question on Stack Overflow, make sure you provide a cURL command that works - or else it would be very difficult for anyone to troubleshoot what you could be doing wrong. When using stand-alone *.js files, you can have a comment before the function keyword, and you can use fn as the function name, so that your IDE does not complain about JavaScript syntax errors, e.g. Theres also a cross-platform stand-alone executable for teams not comfortable with Java. subType: The call keyword provides an alternate way of calling JavaScript functions that have only one argument. Karate supports JUnit 5 and the advantage is that you can have multiple methods in a test-class. So in dev mode you can easily set this behavior like this. Note how triple-quotes (""") are used to enclose content. convenient way to execute an OS specific command and return the console output e.g. If parsing fails, Karate will log a warning and the value of response will then be a plain string. Keep in mind that these are tests (not production code) and this config is going to be maintained more by the dev or QE team instead of the ops or operations team. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! A great example of how you can extend Karate, even bypass the HTTP client but still use Karates test-automation effectively, is this gRPC example by @thinkerou: karate-grpc. You could even have all the steps start with When and Karate wont care. You can easily assign the whole response (or just parts of it using Json-Path or XPath) to a variable, and use it in later steps. And this assertion will cause the test to fail if the HTTP response code is something else. The match keyword is explained later, but it should be clear right away how convenient the table keyword is. So if you return complex objects such as a custom Java instance or a JS function that depends on complex objects, this may cause issues when you run in parallel. And a very common need would be to use a file as the request body: The rarely used file: prefix is also supported. Since XML is represented internally as a JSON-like or map-like object, if you perform string concatenation when printing, you will not see XML - which can be confusing at first. Let's have a look over the a very simple and plane gatling script which uses Karate . Note that forcing Scenario-s to run in a particular sequence is an anti-pattern, and should be avoided as far as possible. Here is an example which also demonstrates how you could assert for expected values in the response XML. Teams typically define complicated JSON (or XML) payloads in a file and then re-use this in multiple scripts. The same concept applies to XML and you can build complicated payloads from scratch in just a few, extremely readable lines.

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